????????

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?????:??????ATN??????,????????????????????,???????????????ATN????????????????????,????????????,????????,??????????????????????????????,????????????????ATN????????????????

???????:??????????????,??????????????????

2???????????

2.1??????????????,?????????????????,???????????,?????,?????,????????/?????????????????????,????????

2.2?????ATN????????????????????,???????????????

2.3?????????????(Scr)?????(BUN)?????????,????????????????????,???????????ATN,??Scr????40.2?88.4?mol/L(0.5?1.0mg/dl),??????353.6?884?mol/L(4?10mg/dl)???;BUN?????3.6?10.7mmol/L(10?30mg/dl),???21.4?35.7mmol/L(60?100mg/dl)?

3??????????

?????????????????????????????,???????????????????(????????0.5g/kg),??ATN???????????,??????????,???????

???????????????????????,???????????,?????????????2.2?4.4kJ/d(500?1000??)??,????????,?????,?????????????????????????????6.6?8.7kJ/d(1500?2000??)??,?????????,???????6.6kJ/d(1500??),????????????????????????????????

1????????

?????????????????????????,???????????,?????;???????????????????,??,??,??,???????????????A,B????,???C,??,???B1:,??,??????????????,????????;????????,?????,?????????

2?????????

????????????,??????????pH?????????,??????,?????????????????????,?????????????????????????????,???,???????????????,?????????,???????????

1?????????:???????????????,????????????????????????????,?Cr??????????????,????1.020??,???????550mOsm/kg,?????15mmol/L??,??????????????40?1?20?1???????????????????????????,??????????????

2???????????:????????????????,?????????????(?????????????????????????),??????????,????????,B?????????????X??????????????

3??????????????????????:???????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????