??????????

1.1?????

1.1.1????? ?????,????????????????,???????????????

1.1.2???? ??????????????????????????????,??????????? ????????????,????,????;????????????????????,??????;?????????,???????,??????????????????????,???????,???????

1.1.3???????(ivp)?????????????,??????????

1.2??????

CT??????????????,????????????,??????,CT???,?CT????????,??????????

2?????????

2.1????????

??????????????,??????????,??????????????????????,???????????????,???????????????????

2.2?????(???)

?????????,????????????,???????????????????,???????????????,????????????????,?????????????

2.3???

????????,??????????????????,????????????????????

2.4?????

???????????????,????????????????????,????????????,??????????????;????????????,????????????????,???????,???????????,???????????????,???????????

3???????

3.1??????:?????????,??????????,?????????

3.2????:???????,?????,???????,?????????????,??50%?????????,??????,??????????

3.3????:?????,24????????2?,????????????

3.4?????:????????????,60-80%?????????????,??????

3.5???:?????????????????????????????,?????????????????

1?????

1.1?????????,???X????,?????CT?????????,????????,???????????????????,????X????????????????????

1.2??????,???????,??????????????

2???????

????????,????????,??Muther?Bennett1980??????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????,???????????????,????????????????????

1????,?????????????????????????????????????

2?????????(?????)????????(????????????)???????(???????,?????)??????,????????????????????????????????????????????

3?????,??????????????,?????????????????,????????;????????(????????????????);?????????;??(??????????)???????

4??????:?????,???????????????,?????????????????????